Sanskrit
Jonathan Slocum et al.
Rig Veda: 1.1.1 - 1.1.5
Hymn to Agni
Text from Barend A. van Nooten and Gary B. Holland, eds., Rig Veda: a Metrically Restored Text (Boston: Harvard University Press, 1994), as revised by Karen Thomson and Jonathan Slocum (see online: Metrically Restored Text). Originally prepared by Carol Justus and Douglas Simms, with comments from William Malandra; edited by Jonathan Slocum.
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1.1.1.
| agním īḷe puróhitaṃ |
Agni masc, acc.sg; praise 1.sg. pres. mid; first-placed* masc, acc.sg. |
| yajñásya devám r̥tvíjam |
sacrifice masc, gen.sg; divine masc, acc.sg; ministrant masc, acc.sg. |
| hótāraṃ ratnadhā́tamam |
invoker masc, acc.sg; treasure-bestower masc, acc.sg, sup. |
| |
'I magnify Agni the one placed in front*,
the divine ministrant of the sacrifice,
the invoker, best bestower of treasure.'
*Macdonnell's 'domestic-priest' replaced here on analogy with puro-yá:van 'going in front'; see Su:rya Ka:nta Śa:stri:, Vya:karan.ati:rtha, 1953, A Grammatical Dictionary of Sanskrit (Vedic). I - Phonetics (with a complete index to Wackernagel's Altindische Grammatik), and also Macdonell's Vedic Grammar (Delhi: Moolchnd Khira:ti: Ra:m Trust, p. 174). |
1.1.2.
| agníḥ pū́rvebhir ŕ̥ṣibhir |
Agni masc, nom.sg; previous masc, inst.pl; seers masc, inst.pl. |
| ī́ḍiyo nū́tanair utá |
praise ger, masc, nom.sg; present masc, inst.pl; and ptc. |
| sá devā́m̐ éhá vakṣati |
he dem.pron, masc, nom.sg; gods masc, acc.pl; to-here adv; carry 3.sg. aor.subj. |
| |
'Agni, to be magnified by past and
present seers, may he conduct
the gods to here.' |
1.1.3.
| agnínā rayím aśnavat |
Agni masc, inst.sg; wealth masc, acc.sg; attain 3.sg. pres.subj. |
| póṣam evá divé-dive |
prosperity masc, acc.sg; thus adv; day-by-day masc, loc, iter. |
| yaśásaṃ vīrávattamam |
glorious masc, acc.sg; hero-having masc, acc.sg, sup. |
| |
'Through Agni may one attain wealth
day by day (and) prosperity, glorious,
(and) most abounding with heroes.' |
1.1.4.
| ágne yáṃ yajñám adhvaráṃ |
Agni masc, voc.sg; that masc, acc.sg; worship/sacrifice masc, acc.sg; sacrifice masc, acc.sg. |
| viśvátaḥ paribhū́r ási |
on-every-side pron.adj, masc, nom.sg; being-around masc, nom.sg; are 2.sg. pres.ind. |
| sá íd devéṣu gachati |
that dem.pron, masc, nom.sg; emph-pcl; gods masc, loc.pl; goes 3.sg. pres.ind. |
| |
'O Agni, the worship and sacrifice
that thou encompassest on every side,
that same goes among the gods.' |
1.1.5.
| agnír hótā kavíkratuḥ |
Agni masc, nom.sg; invoker masc, nom.sg; having-sage-intelligence masc, nom.sg. |
| satyáś citráśravastamaḥ |
true masc, nom.sg; brilliant-fame-having masc, nom.sg, sup. |
| devó devébhir ā́ gamat |
god masc, nom.sg; gods masc, inst.pl; ptc; come 3.sg. aor.inj. |
| |
'May Agni the invoker, of wise
intelligence, the true, of most brilliant fame,
the god come with the gods.' |
Key to gloss abbreviations:
| Abbrev. |
|
Meaning |
| 1. |
= |
1st (person) |
| 2. |
= |
2nd (person) |
| 3. |
= |
3rd (person) |
| acc. |
= |
accusative (case) |
| adj. |
= |
adjective |
| adv. |
= |
adverb |
| aor. |
= |
aorist (tense) |
| dem. |
= |
demonstrative |
| gen. |
= |
genitive (case) |
| ger. |
= |
gerund(ive) |
| ind. |
= |
indicative (mood) |
| inj. |
= |
injunctive (mood) |
| inst. |
= |
instrumental (case) |
| iter. |
= |
iterative |
| loc. |
= |
locative (case) |
| masc. |
= |
masculine (gender) |
| mid. |
= |
middle (voice) |
| nom. |
= |
nominative (case) |
| pl. |
= |
plural (number) |
| pres. |
= |
present (tense) |
| pron. |
= |
pronoun |
| ptc. |
= |
particle |
| sg. |
= |
singular (number) |
| subj. |
= |
subjunctive (mood) |
| sup. |
= |
superlative (adj.) |
| voc. |
= |
vocative (case) |
