Classical and Contemporary Social Theory

DESCRIPTION

Drawing on primary sources, this seminar introduces social theory as the systematic investigation of social life: how society is organized, continually transforms itself, is sometimes beset by conflict, and is also affected by the behavior of its individual members. Topics in classical theory include how individuals are tied to groups (Adam Smith), social equality in democratic societies (Tocqueville), how social structure influences knowledge (Marx), individuals as influenced by the social collective (Durkheim), society as influenced by individual actors (Weber), how social structure influences even intimate relationships (Simmel), mass deception and manipulation through modern culture (Horkheimer and Adorno), the integration of diverse spheres of any individual’s life as a project for society (Parsons), and the relationship between the individual’s purposes and the needs of society (Merton). Topics in contemporary theory include how rituals bind us together (Collins), the nature of social cooperation and trust (Cook, Hardin, Levi), power and inequality (Tilly), the social consequences of economic structure (Granovetter), the phenomenon of racial difference (Patterson), the politics of sexual difference (Smith), the peculiar quality of our Western modernity (Elias; Giddens), the transformation of the nation state (Sassen), the modern scholar (with implications for the contemporary Plan II student) (Bourdieu), and the dangers of economic and bureaucratic imperatives (Habermas).

REQUIRED TEXTS

Classical Sociological Theory, 3^rd ed. 2012. Calhoun, Gerteis, Moody, Pfaff, Virk, eds. Wiley-Blackwell

Contemporary Sociological Theory, 3^rd ed. 2012. Calhoun, Gerteis, Moody, Pfaff, Virk, eds. Wiley-Blackwell

EVALUATION

Average of four 5-page essays, adjusted for class participation

INSTRUCTOR BIO

Benjamin Gregg (B.A. Yale University, Ph.D. Princeton University Ph.D., D. Phil. Free University of Berlin) teaches political and social theory, informed by political science and sociology, in UT’s Department of Government but also in Germany, Japan, China, Austria and (in 2019) Brazil. Two of his books, Thick Moralities, Thin Politics (2003) and Coping in Politics with Indeterminate Norms (2003), confront challenges of social justice in complex modern societies, especially in liberal democratic states. Another two books, Human Rights as Social Construction (2012) and The Human Rights State (2016), analyze problems and prospects for justice across national borders. He is currently writing a book (now under review at Oxford University Press) titled Human Nature as Cultural Design: The Political Challenges of Genetic Enhancement and has presented aspects of this project at invited lectures in the USA, Europe, Asia, and South America, as well as at international conferences, on the radio, and in newspaper interviews. Recent research visits to further this project include a Fulbright Professorship at the University of Linz, Austria, and visiting scholar positions at The Hastings Institute (Garrison, NY), the Yale Interdisciplinary Center for Bioethics and, for all of 2018, at the University of Oxford (at the Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics and at the Ethox Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health).

SS302C Reproductive Health: From Human Biology to Public Policy

COURSE OVERVIEW

This course is designed to help you develop a broad knowledge of reproduction both as a biological phenomenon and as an issue of public policy. During our time together, you will acquire the skills necessary to think critically about how and why reproduction is regulated in the United States today.

In the first part of the course, we will focus on the physiological processes governing the ability to reproduce, and on how these processes may be harnessed to allow individuals to choose if and when reproduction occurs. As we consider each key biological process, we will place it in contemporary social and cultural context.

In the second part of the course, we will focus on the legal principles and policy frameworks governing reproductive rights. We will use specific examples of current reproductive health policy, mainly in the U.S., but also in some comparative international contexts, to consider the various lenses through which policy problems are defined and public policies may be evaluated.

By the end of the semester you will have had the opportunity to:

1) Learn about the biological processes underpinning human capacity for reproduction and for fertility control.

2) Understand what makes an issue a matter of public policy.

3) Explore where reproductive rights come from, in which documents they can be found, and how they continue to evolve through judicial decisions.

4) Synthesize and critique the evidence and principles on which reproductive health policies are based and apply your knowledge to make policy recommendations.

5) Practice writing effectively on an issue of reproductive health policy.

COURSE STRUCTURE

We will meet twice a week on Tuesdays and Thursdays. Each class will last 75 minutes. We will address a new topic each week and we will divide our weekly meetings into two types of activity: 1) lectures, and 2) group discussions. On Tuesdays, we will review the assigned topic material for the week through a lecture and Q&A session. The purpose of this session is to ensure everyone has a sound grasp of the assigned material and has a chance to ask clarifying questions. On Thursdays, we will break out into small groups to a discuss key questions on the weekly topic. Two questions are assigned per week in the syllabus, and you must prepare both in advance of class to discuss with your group. At the start of Thursday class, each group will be assigned one of the two questions and will have 20 minutes to discuss their answers. Each group will then informally present their perspectives to the rest of the class. Groups will be assigned at the start of the semester, and each week, a new person from each set group will be elected to present, so that everyone takes a turn. The purpose of this session is to give you the chance to think deeply about the issues at hand, practice developing and communicating an informed opinion, and consider a range of perspectives offered by your classmates.

COURSE MATERIALS

There is no assigned textbook for the course. Weekly readings will be posted as PDFs to the course web page, which is available through the UT Canvas site (canvas.utexas.edu) or as website links embedded in the syllabus. Please check for these on a week-by-week basis when preparing your assigned reading.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS

We will have a mid-term in-class exam. The exam will be closed book and will be worth 40% of your grade. It will give you the opportunity to demonstrate what you have learned in the first half of the semester about the biology of reproduction.

Your final assignment will be a choice between either writing a critique of a current piece of reproductive health legislation that interests you and proposing an alternative policy, or writing an op-ed on a reproductive health issue of your choice. The final assignment must not exceed 6 double-spaced pages in length. The op-ed must not exceed 1,000 words.

Your final grade for the course will be determined as follows: 40% mid-term exam; 20% participation in class discussions; and 40% final paper.  The class participation portion of your grade will be determined by attendance and your contributions to the weekly discussion. Written assignments will be graded holistically, but I will distribute a guide to the key elements on which you will be assessed in advance.

About the Professor:

Education

Ph.D., Public Policy, University of Texas at Austin

MPH, Harvard University

M.D., University of Cambridge

B.A., University of Cambridge

Research Areas

Reproductive Health

Health Policy

Teaching Areas

Social Policy

Abigail R.A. Aiken held postdoctoral and lecturer positions at the Office of Population Research and Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University before joining The University of Texas in 2016. She is currently an assistant professor of public affairs at the LBJ School and a faculty associate at the Population Research Center. Her research focuses on reproductive health and spans several disciplines, combining backgrounds in biomedical sciences, public policy, demography and public health. Her current projects include: examining women's experiences obtaining self-sourced abortion in contexts where legislative barriers prevent access to safe, legal abortion through the health care system; evaluating programs and policies designed to increase access to contraception in the postpartum and postabortion setting; and investigating the determinants and impacts of unintended pregnancies through a health equity and reproductive justice framework. Her work has recently been published in the BMJ, The New England Journal of Medicine, American Journal of Public Health, Social Science & Medicine, Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Contraception, and the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, among others. Dr. Aiken frequently testifies on reproductive health issues at the Texas State Legislature, and provided expert testimony to the Irish Parliament on the 2018 abortion referendum. She has consulted for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and for the United Nations on issues of contraception and abortion access. 

HONORS SOCIAL SCIENCE: PSYCHOLOGY

NOTE: Students who have already taken an introductory PSY 301 course either at UT or another institution will not be permitted to enroll in this section of SS 302; students who have credit by exam for PSY 301 will be allowed to enroll.

Description: Psychology is a discipline that is broadly concerned with the ways in which people perceive, understand and interact with the world. As such, it addresses questions that range from the micro level of perception within the eye to the macro level of social interactions among people. The SS 301 in psychology is designed to introduce students to a representative range of the topics subsumed within this discipline. We will be taking a levels-of-explanation approach, in which we will simultaneously explore the biological, environmental, and cultural aspects of each of the selected problems. We will also specifically consider the ways in which psychology investigates these problems, in terms of both methodology and epistemology. The hope is that students will leave the SS 301 with an understanding not only of what psychology studies, but also of how and why.

Readings:

Schacter, Gilbert & Weber.Psychology

Ganntt: Taking Sides: Clashing views on psychological issues

Requirements: This class contains a substantial amount of writing and will involve both papers and exams. Students will write a series of four short (3-5 pages) reaction papers. For each paper, students will choose one of about five alternative questions, related to what is currently happening in class, to address. These papers are intended to involve analysis and opinion, not factual recitation. There will also be a midterm and a final exam. Both of these exams will have a short answer/short essay format, and will be take-home exams.

Final grades will be computed on the following basis:

Exams:                 50% (25% each)

Papers:                 40% (10% each)

Participation:         10%

Example paper topics:

• An inevitable trade-off exists in research between control and ecological validity. This trade-off can be seen in a wide variety of ways in psychology: a lab versus a natural location for research, a randomly chosen versus a naturally occurring group of subjects, focusing on a limited set of factors at the expense of the diversity of influences on any behavior. In your view, how should psychology deal with this issue? For example, is psychology a science? Should it be? Should it adopt the same constraints (control) as natural sciences? You can make a strong argument for one approach or the other, or present a balanced middle ground.
• The argument has been made that, in principle, it would be impossible for human beings to fully understand the nature of their own brain. What is your view of this argument, and why?
• The current zeitgeist in psychology is to find the neurological mechanism associated with a given cognition, emotion or behavior. Does finding such a mechanism constitute an explanation for the given cognition/emotion/behavior? Why or why not?
• A major issue in psychology, practically since its inception, has concerned the relative influence of genetics and environment. Originally, this was seen as an either-or question, later as a matter of degrees of influence, and most recently in terms of the components of an interaction. Though it is rarely asked, it is worth considering whether this is really an important question, and why? What is your position on this issue?
• The research on hemisphere specialization led to the popular conception of people who are right-brained or left-brained. In light of what you have learned about hemisphere specialization, do you find this to be a useful concept? Why or why not?

About the Professor: Wendy Domjan has a Ph.D. in psychology from The University of Wisconsin, with specialties in perception and cognition, and currently has a major focus on psychology of religion and positive psychology.

HONORS SOCIAL SCIENCE: ANTHROPOLOGY

 I. Rationale 

Anthropology is unique in the way it provides knowledge about the human experience from many points of view. Anthropologists learn about other ways of life by living among people with very different lifeways and lifeworlds, and being a participant observer in these worlds. The challenge of anthropology is to describe, in terms that can be understood cross-culturally, how different groups of people organize their lives and beliefs, for example, relationships, dress, conversation, ritual, stories, how they define what is sacred, and in general make sense of the human condition. This course will explore the anthropological approach, especially focusing on the role of language and everyday symbolic systems in creating and sharing unique cultures. We will read in depth about several different communities in different world areas. We will discuss social theories that have contributed to anthropological research, and explore how anthropology can be used to understand many issues about behavior, such as the persistence of social inequalities, the adoption and spread of new technologies, conflict and misunderstandings, rites of passage, and global flows of expressive forms. We will emphasize the diverse groups that make up the United States and other world communities, as their distinctive experiences are made manifest through such ideas as gender, the self, social status, age, identity, and power. 

II. Course Aims and Objectives 

Course Objectives: At the end of the semester, each student should be able to: 

 Understand and describe the basic ideas of social theory that have led to current understandings of culture. 

 Distinguish among and critique ideas about the role of human symbolic systems in creating and maintaining coherent belief systems and worldviews. 

 Discuss and critique methods that have been brought to bear on the study of issues such as cultural difference, social inequality, interpretation of behavior, and cultural change. 

 Discuss the impact of innovations such as technologies on individuals, families, and communities. 

 Define a number of key concepts in culture, language, and human expressive forms. 

 Gain an understanding of human diversity. 

This course may be used to fulfill the social and behavioral sciences component of the university core curriculum and addresses the following four core objectives established by the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board: communication skills, critical thinking skills, empirical and quantitative skills, and social responsibility. 

III. Format and Procedures: The course is structured around lectures and class discussions based both on the readings and on other materials used for illustration and teaching purposes. Students are encouraged to participate in discussions. 

IV. Main Topics to be Covered: Worldview; Space; Time, History, Meaning, the Cross-Cultural Encounter; Identity; Socialization & Rites of Passage; Relatives and Relations, Reciprocity; The Body, Culture and Nature; Art and Aesthetics; Belief; Power; Translatability; Cultural Change 

Feedback: During the course I will be asking for your feedback on your learning both formally and informally. 

V. My Assumptions: In anthropological research the assumption is that all languages and cultures are equally rich and complex symbolic worlds and that there are no “primitive” cultures or languages. At the same time it is very common for people to view other people’s practices as primitive, peculiar or immoral, a situation that deserves our attention in a time of enhanced connection between cultures due to technology and globalization. 

VI. Course Requirements: 

Class attendance and participation policy: 

Class participation is encouraged. Since it’s difficult to generalize about culture, given the range of human diversity, examples shown and used in class are important for understanding the concepts discussed in the books and readings. 

No laptops, or ipads, cell phones or similar devices may be used during class period. Please take your notes with paper and pen/pencil. Although a great tool, laptops can compromise your attention and those seated around you and your responsibilities as members of the class group. 

Religious Holy Days 

By UT Austin policy, you must notify me of your pending absence at least fourteen days prior to the date of observance of a religious holy day. If you must miss a class, an examination, a work assignment, or a project in order to observe a religious holy day, I will give you an opportunity to complete the missed work within a reasonable time after the absence. 

Course Readings/Materials: 

(a) Required Books: 

Delaney, Carol. 2011. Investigating Culture, Wiley-Blackwell 

Abu-Lughod, Lila. 1986. Veiled Sentiments. University of California Press 

(b) Also required reading: articles and chapters mentioned on the syllabus, most of which are journal articles available through UT Libraries online. If not available online, they are available on the class website. 

Assignments, Assessment, and Evaluation 

Class preparation and participation: 

 Read course material for the week prior to Tuesday’s class in order to contribute to the week’s class discussions on the materials. 

 List one significant idea in each reading and bring this list of significant ideas (can be a few sentences on each) with you to class (for class participation grade), and turn it in each Tuesday. 

Project work: 

 A final project which will be detailed in class and which will be turned in in outline form first 

 Final comments shared with the class about your project 

Exams: There will be two exams. They will each count for 25% of the class grade, a total of 50% for the exams. Exams are designed to check your understanding of vocabulary, theories and concepts we are working with. Make up exams are only allowed with a note from the doctor (after the exam), or a formal written appeal to the professor (before the exam). Makeup exams are different exams. There is no final exam, rather there is a class project. 

Grading: The two exams will count for 50% of the grade, assignment 1 for 20%, the final project 20%, and the significant ideas handed in each week for 10% of the grade. Plus and minus grades will be given. Projects and exams are graded primarily on content and not on style of writing. Grade is based on details included (rather than overgeneralizations) and depth of analysis (not just a cursory job). 

About the Professor: 

I am a linguistic anthropologist who studies culture and communication. I am especially interested in investigating the impacts of technology on language and the role of language in maintaining social inequality. I completed my Ph.D. in Anthropology at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1994. I am currently a Professor in the Department of Anthropology and in the past have been Director of the Science, Technology and Society Program in Liberal Arts.

I just published a new book: Words Matter: Communicating Effectively in the New Global Office

University of California Press (co-authored with Sirkka Jarvenpaa)

http://www.ucpress.edu/go/words

See more about the book at elizabeth-keating.com

I have a wide range of research interests in linguistic anthropology, including language and social hierarchy, virtual environments, societal impacts of technologies, visual language, multimodality, and language practices in the cross-cultural work place. I am currently conducting research on (1) cross- cultural misunderstandings among engineers collaborating virtually from four continents, (2) computer gamers’ emerging skills and use of language as they participate in multiple environments, and (3) language, culture and identity.